Care of Residents and Floor Manager Essay Example for Free

Care of Residents and Floor Manager Essay Bi-Describe the terms and conditions of your contract as set out in your contract of employment or employment agreement. Answer-Turn up to work at the required times, wear the correct uniform, holiday entitlement , pay rate and confidentiality. Bii-Describe the information which needs to be shown on your pay slip/statement. Answer-Hours worked, employee number, NI insurance number, tax code, payment before deductions and payment after deductions and hourly rate. Biii-Identify two changes to personal information which you must report to your employer. Answer-Change of address or Medical condition. Biv-Describe the procedure to follow if you want to raise a grievance at work. Answer-Refer to flow chart. -See attatched. Bv-Explain the agreed ways of working with your employer in relation to the following areas. 1)Data protection: Ensure all information is stored in a secure place and no information is given out if unsure. 2)Grievance:Discuss with floor manager or home manager. )Conflict management:If i had a problem with a member of staff, for example if i didnt like the way that they were treating a resident i would go to my manager and explain my concerns, if after informing my manager the problem persists i would then go back, if my manager dismissed this as she has already talked to the staff member, this would cause conflict and i would seek help from someone above my manager(Regional Director). 4)Anti-discriminatory: Treat everyone as an individual and do no dis-respect race or culture. )HealthSafety:Keep up to date with all training and comply with all requested of me to ensure myself, collegues and residents are not at risk of harm or injury. 6)Confidentiality:Ensure all information is secured properly and dont give out any information to anyone your not sure about, consult Team Leader if unsure. 7)Whistleblowing:Identify the unethical baahaviour in questionand determine how its affecting you or the organisation in which you work. Decide whether the problem is worth reporting and if it will put yours or someone elses job at risk. Whistleblowing encourages and enables employees to raise serious concerns within the setting rather than overlooking a problem or blowing the whistle outside. Employees are often the first to realise that there is something seriously wrong within the setting. However, they may not express their concerns as they feel that speaking up would be disloyal to their colleagues or to the setting. Follow whisleblowing procedure. Bvi-Explain how your role contributes to the overall delivery of the service provided. Answer-I follow all policies and procedure and my job roles and responsibilities to maintain a high standard of quality care. Promote and maintain a good standard of care, I also ensure that the service users are able to practice their charter of rights, for example: Choice The right to make choices about their own lifestyle, and to excercise that choice and independence whenever possible. Dignity and Individuality The right to be shown respect and courtesy and to be treated as a unique and valued individual. Privacy and Confidentiality The right to choose to be alone, undisturbed, and free from intrusion, as far as possible, within the constraints of living with others in a nursing or residential care home; and the right to have all your personal information kept confidential. Complaints The right to comment and make known any concerns or complaints that you have about the home, or the company, without feeling under stress or threat. Bvii-Explain how you could influence the qualityof the service provided by; a)following the best practice within your work role; By keeping up to date with all training needed to carry out my work, by refering back to my job roles and responsibilities if unsure, ask floor manager or manager if im unsure of anything-this will ensure that I am carrying out a high standard of care to service users. b)not carrying out the requirements of your role; Residents/service users could be at risk, and if person centred approach isnt followed or the rights of the service users are taken away you could be putting them at risk of neglect and institutional abuse. Bviii-Describe how your own work must be influenced by National factors such as Codes of Practice, National Occupational Standards, Legislation and Government Initiatives. Answer-My work is directly impacted by all of the above every day. Codes of Practice and Occupational Standards form our mission, vision and values. Legislation dictates our level and quality of care. Government initiatives impact the people we serve. For example, a code of practice in action, and in a very general sense may be staff supporting, but also providing the tools, for individuals to become more independent. Too much support, they would learn dependence. Tools alone without support, they may not understand how to use them or when to use them. Occupational Standards would be a general guide for each career within a given field, that expresses the foundational dos and donts for each. Example, we would provide a minimum amount of service, documented and within the guidelines for the individual, while if we offered additional services that are needed and appropriate to the individual, that would be good. Laws protect for the most part. Most laws are based on safety. So legislation that offers greater protection for the people we serve, and laws that provide a clear expectation for staff which if we follow judiciously, also protects us are incorporated into all daily activities and decisions. That is protection for the individual. A person passing by an accident and offering help is protected from lawsuits by the Good Samaritan Law. So in these examples, both the individual, and the care-giver have laws that protect them. Government Initiatives well, thats a pretty general term as well which could also be interpreted in many different ways. Initiatives I think of entitlement programs. Social Security, SSI, Welfare, WIC, HEAP, HUD, etc. These programs governmenta l initiatives provide additional support to people.

Tess Of The D Urbervilles - Finding A Place In Life :: essays research papers

Finding A Place In Life By human nature, people need a sense of belonging to be happy and fulfilled in life. It is more difficult for some to achieve this goal than others. Having friends and being loved is an important part of life for most people, yet if this is difficult for them to achieve, this goal could consume their life. This is true in Thomas Hardy's novel Tess of the d'Urbervilles, where Tess, a descriptively pretty young girl goes to great lengths to find her place in the world. She moves from town to town searching for her place in society. She first settles in the city of Marlott where she leads a simple life. "Tess at this time of her life was a mere vessel of emotion untinctured by experience" (Hardy 11). Tess continues to travel to different towns in hopes she will improve her life by finding the person she wishes to spend the rest of her life with. Throughout all this disruption in her life, "she is an ambitious woman in search of a new sensation" (Hardy 15). She continues to travel because she wants more from life and has the ambition to attempt to find her place. Tess had to cope with many threatening, dangerous, and sad situations during her search. The first occurs when she arrives in the growing town of Tantridge. There she worked as a dairymaid on the Flintcomb-Ash Farm. Even with her dislike for this job she continues to work at it for over two years until she knows for certain that this is not her place in the world. As she "progresses (she) wonder whether it would be wiser to return home. The resolve, however had been taken, and it seems Vacillating†¦ to abandon it now, unless for graver reasons" (Hardy 67). As she continues to live in Tantridge, she gets into fights, drinks, and ends up being raped and impregnated. Alec is the man who attempts to convince Tess that she belongs with him, and that they were meant to be together. In her heart Tess realizes Alec is not the man she wishes to be with. Unfortunately she continues on in the one-sided relationship which leads to Alec raping Tess. She does not yet know how s evere the consequences are for not being a pure woman. This idea of being a pure woman is so important in this period of time that Tess keeps it a secret even from Angel, who is her new love and the man she wants to spend the rest of her life with.

National Effluent Limitation Regulations In Nigerian Breweries Environmental Sciences Essay

Nigeria, a state with 30 six provinces situated in the western portion of Africa, rich in mineral and natural resources, holding a size of three 100s and 50 six 1000, six hundred and 60 nine square stat mis of land country, with ecological zones runing from the dry savannas in the North, to the H2O abundant Niger Delta ( about nine hundred and twenty three 1000, seven hundred and 70 three square kilometers ) – She is more than half the United States of American province of California, Nigeria has placed her name on the Earth for acknowledgment in exportation of crude oil oil, Indian potato, palm oil and chocolate. Deriving her independency in 1960, she has been ruled and governed under the military and civilian epoch, with the later still in regulation, besides known as the epoch of democracy. Nigeria, like many other former British settlements operates a common jurisprudence. The chief beginnings of jurisprudence in Nigeria are customary jurisprudence ( which was the legal sy stem runing in Nigeria prior to the coming of the British colonial regulation ) , the Nigerian statute law, and common jurisprudence. The composing and nature of our environment has greatly been altered by activities such as industrialisation, transit, building and other activities. Nigeria is a underdeveloped state and so, has industries situated in urban and rural countries, most of these industries are fabricating and bring forthing industries, and as such, tend to give off waste merchandises which acts as pollutants to the immediate and environing environment. This essay covers air pollution control Torahs in Nigeria caused by brewing activities. Brewing ACTIVITY AND ITS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT Brewing is a complex procedure with several phases, that tend to bring forth pollutants in signifier of exhausts and wastewater that causes environmental air pollution. The natural stuff aggregation procedure, produces dust which when inhaled makes the victim to sneeze and cough, for this ground, animal trainers are given protective cogwheels to cover their nose, neglecting to gain that this dust atoms still float in the air and pollutes the environment. The steam produced when the milled grains are boiling ( wort production ) , and the add-on of barm to the cooled wort for fermenting the wort into beer, ( the aeration procedure ) , the bottling and packaging which deals with H2O that is in bend converted to blow H2O that gives a malodor before treated. Waste H2O from the industry ( wastewater ) , which is subsequently on recycled and used to rinse equipments in the mill, gives out a malodor that offends neighboring environing. In the outflowing armored combat vehicles, the smell pro duced airss as a nuisance to the environing environment in the signifier of air pollution. The jurisprudence associating to air pollution in Nigeria is contained in legion instruments as obtained in The National Environmental Standards and Regulation Enforcement Agency ( NESREA ) Act 2007, an Agency of the Ministry of Environment Housing and Urban Development is charged with the duty of implementing environmental Laws, ordinances andA criterion in discouraging people, industries and organisation from fouling and degrading the environment. Harmonizing to the Environmental Law Research Institute 2007, ( ELRI ) for Nigeria, the outline of Torahs and ordinances purposes at bring oning responsible attitudes and behaviors towards the environment are embedded in NESREA Act 2007 which replaced the Federal Environmental Protection Agency ( FEPA ) Act, notes in Section 7, that it provides authorization to guarantee conformity with environmental Torahs, local and international, on environmental sanitation and pollution bar and control through monitory and regulative steps. Harmonizing to the ordinances under NESREA on National Effluent Limitation Regulations, Section 1 ( 1 ) requires industry installations to hold anti-pollution equipment for the intervention of wastewater, but because policies are non given out to the general populace, possibly due to company ‘s work moralss or policy, one can non state if the intervention of wastewater is decently met in the brewing industry, nevertheless, because of the air pollution caused by this activity, it is recommended that Environmental Protection Agency ( EPA ) comes into act to look into if the industry has exceeded its bound in fouling the environment as stated in The National Environment Protection ( Pollution Abatement in Industries and Facilities bring forthing Waste ) Regulations ( 1991 ) , Section 1 Prohibits the release of risky substances into the air, land or H2O of Nigeria beyond approved bounds set by the Agency. Besides, the demand for the Environmental Impact Assessment ( EIA ) to mensurate the degree of impact and harm done to the environment is non applied, it is for this ground that both little and large industries still generate a batch of pollution to the environment. The E.I.A Act, as it is informally called, trades with the considerations of environmental impact in regard of public and private undertakings. Sections relevant to environmental exigency bar under the EIA include: – Section 2 ( 1 ) requires an appraisal of public or private undertakings probably to hold a important ( negative ) impact on the environment. However, this is non the instance when compared with the activities of brewing, as it gives a negative impact on the immediate environment. Mwalimu in his text states â€Å" The common jurisprudence addendums statutory control and ordinance of air pollution in Nigeria for illustration refering Byzantine liability under civil wrongs of nuisance and carelessness. † This means that the jurisprudence is at that place to command and modulate air pollution. A civil wrong is an hurt incurred by one or more persons, and it may affect mere inattention by the air defiler who allowed the hurt to happen. The different phases are powered with generators which emit exhausts into the air, the phases involved besides releases exhausts into the air, wastewater H2O which is before treated Acts of the Apostless as another agency of air pollution. The exhausts produced from the industry, derived as a consequence of the production from brewing, running of Diesel operated generators ( normally known as ‘diesel exhausts ‘ ) are a mixture of gases, bluess, liquid aerosols and substances made up of atoms. They contain the merchandises of burning including: C ( carbon black ) ; N ; H2O ; C monoxide ; aldehydes ; N dioxide ; sulfur dioxide ; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. This gases acts as pollutants and are suspended in the ambiance where they cause nursery consequence and lead to planetary heating. Most of these gases harm flora, respiratory system, merchandise of complete burning of organic compounds ; implicated in planetary clime alteration. In other words they damage and pollute the environment ; it is safe to state that brewing activities contributes to one of the major beginnings of pollution. Environment is a really wide construct and involves everything that affects an being during its life-time. Harmonizing to Srinivasan â€Å" our environment comprises atmosphere, H2O, Earth, and infinite † . In his book, Chauhan defined environment in different ways ; â€Å" 1. It is in entirety of all societal, biological and physical or chemical separately every bit good as jointly that compose the nature and semisynthetic milieus. It refers to the sum sum of conditions which surrounds adult male at a given point in infinite and clip. It is the representative of physical constituents of the Earth where in adult male is the of import factor act uponing his environment † It would look that what the writer means by environment is the entirety of the environing organic structure ( air, land and H2O ) that can be seen and felt by populating being. Pollution is when different activities done by adult male makes the environment ( air, land and H2O ) dirty, Saunders in his text defines Pollution as â€Å" The debut by adult male of waste affair or surplus energy into the environment which straight or indirectly causes harm to adult male and his environment other than himself, his family, those in his employment or those with whom his has a direct trading relationship † . This means that for every action adult male has taken has caused pollution straight or indirectly. Olanrewaju and Chukwukere defined air pollution as â€Å" the debut of chemicals, particulate affair, biological stuffs that may do injury or uncomfortableness to worlds or other life beings or cause harm to the natural environment or built environment, into the ambiance and farther classified beginnings of air pollution into anthropogenetic beginnings and natural beginnings † . Tiwary and Colls stated in their book that â€Å" air pollution has been with us since the first fire was lit, although different facets have been of import at different times. While many would see air pollution an issue that the modern universe has resolved to a greater extent, it still appears to hold a considerable influence on the planetary environment † . It would look that the writers mean to state that air pollution, has been in being from the beginning of clip where fire was discovered and perchance before so. Vallero in his text defined air pollution in page three of his book as â€Å" Air Pollution is the presence of contaminations or pollutant substances in the air that interfere with human wellness or public assistance, or bring forth other harmful environmental effects † . Hill in his text said â€Å" Pollution occurs because no procedure is one 100 per centum efficient † the writer means that pollution is inevitable but can be managed. As stated above, there is no procedure or activity done by any life being that does non ensue in one signifier of pollution or the other. A good illustration of air pollution includes failure to inspect the operation and care of electrostatic precipitators or failure to design and size an equal suspension engineering.Consequence of Air Pollution on Health of HumansOlarenwaju and Chukwukere, the consequence of air pollution and perturbation of natural air causes different wellness jobs such as trouble in external respiration, wheezing, coughing, exasperation of bing respiratory and cardiac conditions, pneumonic aggravations, vascular disfunction, increased thrombus formation, encephalon harm, malignant neoplastic disease, and increased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. For this ground, statute laws and ordinances have been made for bring forthing industries to stay in, and breach in this has its effects. This statute law in relation to environmental jurisprudence constitutes meshing organic structure of pacts, conventions, legislative acts, ordinances, and common jurisprudence that, really loosely, run to modulate the interaction of humanity and the remainder of the biophysical or natural environment, toward the intent of cut downing the impacts of homo. The defiler can be held responsible for the harm to human wellness. These Torahs and ordinances are in the fundamental law but are non enforced in the state, because pollution is still on the addition in this underdeveloped state. The usage of generators to power the mill, or a house or machineries has led to non merely air pollution but besides noise pollution. Harmonizing to Abdulkareem in his instance survey on Urban air pollution by computing machine simulator, â€Å" Urban Air pollution due to activities of procedure industries is one of the chief jobs faced by the industrial country of the universe. † This means that, every bit long as there is an industrial procedure traveling on, air pollution would still be present. The action carried out by the brewery industry does non advance clean air, and hence pollutes the air and this causes uncomfortableness for the dwellers of the environing environment, and the regulative organic structures are non efficient in transporting out their responsibilities, unlike the United Kingdom, where Legislations are invariably reviewed and put into topographic point to angle out industries and companies that are transcending the pollution bound, environmental licenses are in topographic point, pollution bar and control licenses are besides in topographic point to look into for interest holders that breach Torahs and to look into for hw air pollution is regulated. As earlier said, there is no procedure that does non foul the environment. The Pollution Prevention and Control permits ( PPC ) of the United Kingdom states that â€Å" If a concern operates in Northern Ireland or Scotland, the concern would necessitate a PPC license from an environmental regulator before such concern would be allowed to run. The NEW Environmental Permitting ( England and Wales ) Regulations 2010 SI 675 provides a amalgamate system for environmental licenses and freedoms for industrial activities, Mobile works, waste operations, excavation waste operations, H2O discharge activities, groundwater activities and radioactive substances activities. It besides sets out the powers, maps and responsibilities of the regulators † .Unlike the United Kingdom where the populace has the right to cognize the statute law for air pollution control, the populace is incognizant of this statute law in Nigeria. Very small is put in topographic point for the populace, there is no clean air act, which gives powers to local councils to command domestic and industrial fume to better local air quality and meet EU air quality criterions for sulfur dioxide and particulates. The English air statute law controls emanations of gases, dark fume and other airborne pollutants that harm the quality of the ambiance. It includes environmental permitting and empowering governments and, via the clime alteration model, establishes fiscal inducements to exchange to less-polluting ways of working.NEW Aerosol Dispensers Regulations 2009 SI 2824 aims to protect public wellness by forbiding the supply or ownership of aerosols non marked as conforming to safety criterions.Recommendation: This ordinance has been in topographic point to run into up to the cleanliness of the environment, but because of the corruptness of the land, such Torahs are non enforced and hence, it is ignored. The industries still run and release aerosols and exhausts into the ambiance, damaging the immediate environment.

What Element in the Halide Family is a Liquid

Only one halide element is a liquid at room temperature and pressure. Do you know what it is? Although chlorine can be seen as a yellow liquid, this occurs only at low temperature or else increased pressure. The only halide element that is a liquid at ordinary room temperature and pressure is bromine. In fact, bromine is the only nonmetal that is a liquid under these conditions. A halide is a compound where at least one of the atoms belongs to the halogen element group. Because of their high reactivity, halogens are not found free in nature as single atoms, but they do bind to their own atoms to form halides. Examples of these halides are Cl2, I2, Br2. Fluorine and chlorine are gases. Bromine is a liquid. Iodine and astatine are solids. Although insufficient atoms have been produced to know for sure, scientists predict element 117 (tennessine) will also form a solid under ordinary conditions. Aside from bromine, the only other element on the periodic table that is a liquid at room temperature and pressure is mercury. While bromine, as a halogen, is a type of nonmetal. Mercury is a metal.

Essay on Ethnic Literature - 959 Words

American Literature Paper Randy Hale University of Phoenix ENG.301 American Ethic Literature Michael Cromwell December 24, 2012 American Ethic Literature Paper What makes American literature American? American literature is just that American literature. American literature is stories of people lives that are based on American standards. Early American standards where based around slavery and oppression but now they are based on freedoms like freedom of speech and press. America has been through many time periods that has shaped it into the wonderful nation that we have today. True American literature is about life in the United States. This paper will create an understanding about American ethnic literature. What is†¦show more content†¦Ethnic literature is piece of writing that is written by people from different cultures, languages, or religion. For example, Native American literature includes â€Å"memories of creation stories, the tragic wisdom of native ceremonies, trickster narratives, and the outcome of chance and other occurrences in the most diverse cultures in the world† (Vizenor, 1995, p. 1). People with the mix of Spanish, Native American, and African cultures have created Hispanic American literature (Kanellos, 1995). In my opinion, there are many reasons why ethnic literature should be studied. Reason One: When you read true literature writing from other religions, you can gain true understanding of what the religion is all about. For example I’m a member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints. The LDS or Mormon Church as known by many is a very misunderstood religion. A study of true ethnic literature in this case would eliminate any misunderstanding that people have about the LDS Church. Reason Two: There are certain cultures that we do not know anything about and when we read about them, we will be able to understand why they do certain things. I want to call this cultural understanding. We have all heard the saying, You cant judge a book by its cover. then we shouldnt judge a religion or a culture by the things they do until we understand why they do those things. How do ethnic writersShow MoreRelatedEthnic Literature : Ethnic American Literature1381 Words   |  6 Pagesto introduce and analyze the topic of Ethnic American Literature. Specifically it will discuss the meaning and definition of Ethnic American literature. Ethnic American literature is a rich and varied treasure of poetry, fiction, drama, and much more. Written by some of America s greatest authors, this ethnic legacy opens up a world of diversity to readers, but it also illustrates the struggles and prejudice that still exist in our country today. Ethnic authors use their own experiences to illustrateRead MoreEssay on Ethnic Literature1266 Words   |  6 PagesThe Power in a Name The term â€Å"ethnic† when in conjunction with the word â€Å"literature† in the academic discourse community of students, often brings out mixed feelings of excitement and dread. On the one hand, students understand that they will be getting away from the canonical American literature – which can equal boring in their eyes; on the other hand, students interpret the term â€Å"ethnic literature† to mean distinctive – which can equal confusing or ambiguous – and perhaps at times not relatableRead MoreAmerican Ethnic Literature Differs From American Literature1378 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican ethnic literature differs from American literature. The author’s background is considered to determine which category is fitting. American ethnic authors include immigrants who have arrived in the United States and become a citizen or first-generation Americans. American ethnic authors write in English, but sometimes use original language and speech. American ethnic literature often depicts life before America, as well life after arriving. American ethnic literature is important becauseRead MoreWhat Does Ethnic Literature Mean?994 Words   |  4 Pagesdoes ethnic literature mean? We all have some ethnicity in us that is different than the rest, so doesn’t that mean that all of our literary contributions make up that of American ethnic literature? Before the Civil War, many of the minority people of America started writing poems, songs, and other types of literature that helped describe what life was like in America as an outsider in the â€Å"white† world. These writings became the beginnings of what is now called American ethnic literature. EarlyRead MoreEssay on Why Read Literature?671 Words   |  3 Pages nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Nothing teaches us better than literature to see, in ethnic and cultural differences, the richness of the human patrimony, and to prize those differences as manifestation humanity’s multi-faceted creativity. Reading good literature is an experience of pleasure, of course; but it is also an experience of learning what and how we are, on our human integrity and our human imperfection, with our actions, our dreams, and our ghosts, alone and in a relationship that linkRead MoreCritical Analysis Skills Developed Through Writing a Reflection Paper870 Words   |  4 Pagesfeelings down about what I had learned in a class that I had to read literature and then interpret those readings into journal entries addressed to my fellow students. This left me a little intimidated. So to start the ideas flowing, I went back to the beginning. I looked up the â€Å"Week One Letter† to the student and re-read the description and goal of the course. Dr. Doe stat ed in the letter that, â€Å"we will be reading a variety of literature for a better understanding of the ideals, values, and attitudesRead Morephilippine literature1582 Words   |  7 Pagesenough to dry up the --- sea.   No matter how deep the   --- stream, its depth can be fathomed; the really difficult task is to find a good heart. Before the Christianization of the Philippines, Filipinos had established a heritage of precolonial literature consisting of epics, tales, songs, riddles, and proverbs. With the earliest discoveries dating back to 50000 years ago, this period of Philippine literary History is considered the longest. ---It is often forgotten that the tribal Filipinos hadRead MoreSocial Groups : An Essential Part Of Humanity1074 Words   |  5 Pagesactually an understatement. Social groups are practically omnipresent. It’s already possible to speak of a social group when two or more humans interact with each other and share similar characteristics. Think about women, immigrants, professions, ethnic minorities but also families, friends and church members. Only someone who lives as a recluse in complete isolation from society can be considered ‘non-member’. The importance of social groups is clearly present when you take a look at the mediaRead MoreReflecting on Literature and Community in The Lesson† by Toni Cade Bambara1101 Words   |  5 Pages Also, it is not uncommon for people to write about a fictional community that is based from their own community. As community affects how we write, writing can also affect the community. In other words, communities influence authors of literature and literature can also influence communities. Language is how we express ourselves. There are many different languages in our world. Within those languages there are different dialects. Those dialects are affected by the communities that use themRead More Personal, Social, and Cultural Contexts Established by the Frame Story in MAUS1635 Words   |  7 PagesPersonal, Social, and Cultural Contexts Established by the Frame Story in MAUS  Ã‚      The use of the frame story, an overarching narrative used to connect a series of loosely related stories, pervades literature. An example of a frame story on a large scale - tying together a whole book-length work, not a simple short story - can be found in Art Spiegelmans graphic novel MAUS. Each of the narratives six sections is framed with snatches of the interaction between Vladek and Art during the interview

Analysis Of John Quincy Adamss To The Sun-Dial - 982 Words

Before clocks and watches were invented, sundials used the position of the Sun to determine the time. As the sun rises and falls in the sky, a shadow is cast on the dial correlating to hour lines marked on the sundial. President John Quincy Adams wrote a poem personifying the use of the sundial. One must first grasp an understanding of the life John Quincy Adams, the time period the poem was created in, before the focus of â€Å"To The Sun-Dial† can be comprehended. Before one could analyze the poem, they must get an understanding of the poet. Born in 1767 in Braintree, Massachusetts to President John and Abigail Adams, John Quincy Adams was a prominent figure both domestically and in the international community. As a young boy, Adams would†¦show more content†¦Moreover, to understand the theme of â€Å"To The Sun-Dial,† one must understand the time period the poem was written in. The poem was written sometime during Adam’s tenure as president from March 4, 1824 – March 4, 1829. Prior to his presidential administration, the United States had just experienced the Panic of 1819, which left the economy weakened and faith in the financial market at an all-time low. However, during the Adams administration, the United States entered a period of economic expansion. Adding to the political stability throughout this administration, the United States was also at peace. Although there were problems, as with any presidency, diplomacy had solved many of the issues at hand. It restored faith in the American people that â€Å"crises could be managed and successful government was possible† (â€Å"The John Quincy Adams Administration†). Although successful in his presidency, certain publications saw the rising power of the federal government over the states as deeply concerning. As such, many publications spent much of the administration denouncing the â€Å"corrupt bargain between Adams and Clay,† who happened to be Ad ams’ Secretary of State (â€Å"The John Quincy Adams Administration†). Now that the poet and time period have been fully analyzed, one can start analyzing the theme of â€Å"To The Sun-Dial,† which was written by President John

Randomised Control Trial for Dementia Patient- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theRandomised Control Trial for Dementia Patient. Answer: Yes, the Randomized controlled trial (RCT) gave idea of a clearly focused issue on which the research was conducted. The aim of the research was to compare the effect of foot massage (intervention) and quiet presence (comparator and control) on agitation and mood in dementia patient (population) (Moyle et al. 2014). Participants were randomized to treatment and control group. This can be understood by the review of method section of the article which explained that block randomization was used to achieve equality in the size of intervention and control groups. Allocation concealment was done by randomizing participants by a computer program. Allocation was concealed from data collection research assistants, care staffs and patients families (Moyle et al. 2014). Yes, the patients were analyzed in the groups to which they were randomized. This is also understood because the trial was not stopped in between and all participants were followed up between baseline and post-test. No participants were lost to follow up after being randomized to treatment. Detailed questions: Yes, familys health workers and study personnel were blinded to treatment. This is understood as Moyle et al. (2014) mentioned about care staffs, data collections research assistant and families in the section of randomization and blinding. The purpose of blinding in clinical trial is to eliminate any impact of study findings due to different expectation of staffs (Schulz et al. 2011). Treatment allocation is not revealed to many research staffs until they enter the trial to prevent selection bias and any uninfluenced in study results because of knowledge about concealment (Karanicolas, Farrokhyar and Bhandari 2010). Hence, it serves to prevent differential treatment of the group at the onset of trial. The validity of any RCT study is understood by keeping the baseline variables same at the start of the trial (Piantadosi 2017). This is understood by reviewing the result section of the stud which states that no difference in group at baseline were found for participants on the basis of age, gender, time spend in facility, living condition, regular medication and PNR medication for dementia patients. Example of baseline variables includes age, sex, social class, risk factors and other adverse outcomes in participant. The advantage of keeping groups similar at the start of the trial is that it helps to prevent baseline imbalance (Doig and Simpson 2014). The unique feature of a RCT study is that it tries to study the effect of an intervention by randomization of participants to intervention and control group (Hayes and Moulton 2017). In such studies, the only different between the intervention group and control group is the intervention itself and other parameters are kept same (Latimer et al. 2017). In the RCT study by Moyle et al. (2014), intervention group received foot massage and control group received quiet presence. However, other things such as duration of session, time frame of giving intervention was kept same for the first treatment arm. As it used crossover study design, participants were exposed to opposite treatment arm after the completion of first treatment arm. The advantage of a cross-over design is that it reduces variability in participants as both types of treatment are compared on the same patient (Apiliogullari and Onal 2015). The main purpose of the research study by Moyle et al. (2014) was to analyze the effect of foot massage in dementia patients compared to those with quite presence. The size of the treatment effect can be understood by the final outcome of the study. Both intervention and control groups were evaluated on the outcome measure of assessing agitation and mood of patients post the treatment. Agitation was assessed in participants by means of Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory Short Form (CMAI) and mood was evaluated by observed emotion rating (OERS) scale. The validity of the RCT study is evident as the researcher also reported about the consistency and inter-reliability of both the tools. Detailed description of both the tools and the scale on which agitation and mood were evaluated was also comprehensively described by the researcher (Moyle et al. 2014). The primary outcome of the study was that the study showed that increase in agitation was found in both group, however the effect was greater in the quiet presence group compared to treatment group. The main reason for increase in total CMAI was the increase in the subscale of verbal aggression. However, outcome remained same for OERS item and only difference was found in general alertness in both groups. Therefore, slight effect of intervention was found in foot massage group as had reduced alertness and agitation compared to control group. In addition, the research also gave idea about the variability in research finding due to difference in the acceptance of treatment by participants, agitation due to unfamiliar assistants (Moyle et al. (2014). Hence, all this is regarded as the confounding factors in the study that has affected the efficacy of the foot massage intervention. The validity of the research finding is questionable because it is not consistent with other studies. For i nstance, the pilot study by Moyle et al. (2013) has revealed that foot massage significantly reduced levels of agitation in cognitively impaired patients. Hence, the transferability of Moyle et al. (2014) is low due to inconsistency with other research results and presence of confounding factors. Moyle et al. (2014) was also in favor of foot massage to address stress in dementia patient as the findings shows that close presence of another person promoted relaxation in patient. The estimate of the treatment effect is also understood by the method of statistical analysis of the research data and confidence interval between outcomes in two groups. The proportion of variance was illustrated and the result data mainly showed that there was more than 10% of variance in CMAI and OERS item indicating different factors playing complex role in mood and agitation of individuals (Moyle et al. 2014). Hence, with data regarding means, standard deviation and confidence interval at baseline and post-test for treatment and control groups, the treatment effect was determined. Confidence interval is used by many health care journals as it helps to identify whether a treatment has any effect or not (Freemantle et al. 2013). The overall conclusion regarding the study finding is that desired results was not achieved by providing foot massage to dementia patients and this is explained by some limitations in research methods. For example, familiarity was an issue for many partici pants as they were disturbed by the presence of a stranger in their room. Hence, if the researcher had considered about familiarity issues, then the research outcome would have been different. There is a need to focus on conditions that will enhance the effect of foot massage (Oliver 2017). The results of the study cannot be applied in local context because inconsistent result has been found for effect of foot massage on dementia patient. Certain confounding factors affected the outcome and so it is necessary to do further research in this area by modifying the condition under which the treatment was provided. However, moderate benefits were found and it may be applied as there is no selection bias and similar participant group like real setting was selected for the study. The inclusion criteria of taking 65 years above patient living in long-term care with all having recent history of agitation eliminated selection bias. Research has shown that agitation and aggressive behavior is frequently seen in dementia patients living in nursing homes (Husebo, Ballard and Aarsland 2011). As the research mainly aimed to investigate about the effect of foot massage on agitation and mood in dementia patients, the important clinical outcomes were considered by the researcher. The main outcome variable for the study included agitation and mood and appropriate evidence based tool was used evaluate agitation and mood of participants. For example CMAI tool was used to assess agitation and this is a evidence that has been used in many research related to agitated behavior. Cooke et al. (2010) used CMAI tool to analyze the effect of music programme on agitation and anxiety in dementia patient. Although the research did not achieved desired results, however the research has benefits because it is the first trial that considered foot massage to address agitation in dementia patient and it has highlighted the potential of foot massage only if the conditions in which the intervention is provided is modified in the future. Hence, the benefits of the research are worth the harm and the cost involved in doing the research. Aggressive behavior is a challenging issue for dementia patient because as it has impact on social life of people. Therefore, research by Kunik et al. (2010) is important as it focused on intervention to reduce aggression in dementia patient. Reference Apiliogullari, S. and Onal, O., 2015. Randomization in a crossover design is not to be a minor issue.Anesthesia Analgesia,121(4), p.1112. 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