Essay on Ethnic Literature - 959 Words

American Literature Paper Randy Hale University of Phoenix ENG.301 American Ethic Literature Michael Cromwell December 24, 2012 American Ethic Literature Paper What makes American literature American? American literature is just that American literature. American literature is stories of people lives that are based on American standards. Early American standards where based around slavery and oppression but now they are based on freedoms like freedom of speech and press. America has been through many time periods that has shaped it into the wonderful nation that we have today. True American literature is about life in the United States. This paper will create an understanding about American ethnic literature. What is†¦show more content†¦Ethnic literature is piece of writing that is written by people from different cultures, languages, or religion. For example, Native American literature includes â€Å"memories of creation stories, the tragic wisdom of native ceremonies, trickster narratives, and the outcome of chance and other occurrences in the most diverse cultures in the world† (Vizenor, 1995, p. 1). People with the mix of Spanish, Native American, and African cultures have created Hispanic American literature (Kanellos, 1995). In my opinion, there are many reasons why ethnic literature should be studied. Reason One: When you read true literature writing from other religions, you can gain true understanding of what the religion is all about. For example I’m a member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints. The LDS or Mormon Church as known by many is a very misunderstood religion. A study of true ethnic literature in this case would eliminate any misunderstanding that people have about the LDS Church. Reason Two: There are certain cultures that we do not know anything about and when we read about them, we will be able to understand why they do certain things. I want to call this cultural understanding. We have all heard the saying, You cant judge a book by its cover. then we shouldnt judge a religion or a culture by the things they do until we understand why they do those things. How do ethnic writersShow MoreRelatedEthnic Literature : Ethnic American Literature1381 Words   |  6 Pagesto introduce and analyze the topic of Ethnic American Literature. Specifically it will discuss the meaning and definition of Ethnic American literature. Ethnic American literature is a rich and varied treasure of poetry, fiction, drama, and much more. Written by some of America s greatest authors, this ethnic legacy opens up a world of diversity to readers, but it also illustrates the struggles and prejudice that still exist in our country today. Ethnic authors use their own experiences to illustrateRead MoreEssay on Ethnic Literature1266 Words   |  6 PagesThe Power in a Name The term â€Å"ethnic† when in conjunction with the word â€Å"literature† in the academic discourse community of students, often brings out mixed feelings of excitement and dread. On the one hand, students understand that they will be getting away from the canonical American literature – which can equal boring in their eyes; on the other hand, students interpret the term â€Å"ethnic literature† to mean distinctive – which can equal confusing or ambiguous – and perhaps at times not relatableRead MoreAmerican Ethnic Literature Differs From American Literature1378 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican ethnic literature differs from American literature. The author’s background is considered to determine which category is fitting. American ethnic authors include immigrants who have arrived in the United States and become a citizen or first-generation Americans. American ethnic authors write in English, but sometimes use original language and speech. American ethnic literature often depicts life before America, as well life after arriving. American ethnic literature is important becauseRead MoreWhat Does Ethnic Literature Mean?994 Words   |  4 Pagesdoes ethnic literature mean? We all have some ethnicity in us that is different than the rest, so doesn’t that mean that all of our literary contributions make up that of American ethnic literature? Before the Civil War, many of the minority people of America started writing poems, songs, and other types of literature that helped describe what life was like in America as an outsider in the â€Å"white† world. These writings became the beginnings of what is now called American ethnic literature. EarlyRead MoreEssay on Why Read Literature?671 Words   |  3 Pages nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Nothing teaches us better than literature to see, in ethnic and cultural differences, the richness of the human patrimony, and to prize those differences as manifestation humanity’s multi-faceted creativity. Reading good literature is an experience of pleasure, of course; but it is also an experience of learning what and how we are, on our human integrity and our human imperfection, with our actions, our dreams, and our ghosts, alone and in a relationship that linkRead MoreCritical Analysis Skills Developed Through Writing a Reflection Paper870 Words   |  4 Pagesfeelings down about what I had learned in a class that I had to read literature and then interpret those readings into journal entries addressed to my fellow students. This left me a little intimidated. So to start the ideas flowing, I went back to the beginning. I looked up the â€Å"Week One Letter† to the student and re-read the description and goal of the course. Dr. Doe stat ed in the letter that, â€Å"we will be reading a variety of literature for a better understanding of the ideals, values, and attitudesRead Morephilippine literature1582 Words   |  7 Pagesenough to dry up the --- sea.   No matter how deep the   --- stream, its depth can be fathomed; the really difficult task is to find a good heart. Before the Christianization of the Philippines, Filipinos had established a heritage of precolonial literature consisting of epics, tales, songs, riddles, and proverbs. With the earliest discoveries dating back to 50000 years ago, this period of Philippine literary History is considered the longest. ---It is often forgotten that the tribal Filipinos hadRead MoreSocial Groups : An Essential Part Of Humanity1074 Words   |  5 Pagesactually an understatement. Social groups are practically omnipresent. It’s already possible to speak of a social group when two or more humans interact with each other and share similar characteristics. Think about women, immigrants, professions, ethnic minorities but also families, friends and church members. Only someone who lives as a recluse in complete isolation from society can be considered ‘non-member’. The importance of social groups is clearly present when you take a look at the mediaRead MoreReflecting on Literature and Community in The Lesson† by Toni Cade Bambara1101 Words   |  5 Pages Also, it is not uncommon for people to write about a fictional community that is based from their own community. As community affects how we write, writing can also affect the community. In other words, communities influence authors of literature and literature can also influence communities. Language is how we express ourselves. There are many different languages in our world. Within those languages there are different dialects. Those dialects are affected by the communities that use themRead More Personal, Social, and Cultural Contexts Established by the Frame Story in MAUS1635 Words   |  7 PagesPersonal, Social, and Cultural Contexts Established by the Frame Story in MAUS  Ã‚      The use of the frame story, an overarching narrative used to connect a series of loosely related stories, pervades literature. An example of a frame story on a large scale - tying together a whole book-length work, not a simple short story - can be found in Art Spiegelmans graphic novel MAUS. Each of the narratives six sections is framed with snatches of the interaction between Vladek and Art during the interview

Analysis Of John Quincy Adamss To The Sun-Dial - 982 Words

Before clocks and watches were invented, sundials used the position of the Sun to determine the time. As the sun rises and falls in the sky, a shadow is cast on the dial correlating to hour lines marked on the sundial. President John Quincy Adams wrote a poem personifying the use of the sundial. One must first grasp an understanding of the life John Quincy Adams, the time period the poem was created in, before the focus of â€Å"To The Sun-Dial† can be comprehended. Before one could analyze the poem, they must get an understanding of the poet. Born in 1767 in Braintree, Massachusetts to President John and Abigail Adams, John Quincy Adams was a prominent figure both domestically and in the international community. As a young boy, Adams would†¦show more content†¦Moreover, to understand the theme of â€Å"To The Sun-Dial,† one must understand the time period the poem was written in. The poem was written sometime during Adam’s tenure as president from March 4, 1824 – March 4, 1829. Prior to his presidential administration, the United States had just experienced the Panic of 1819, which left the economy weakened and faith in the financial market at an all-time low. However, during the Adams administration, the United States entered a period of economic expansion. Adding to the political stability throughout this administration, the United States was also at peace. Although there were problems, as with any presidency, diplomacy had solved many of the issues at hand. It restored faith in the American people that â€Å"crises could be managed and successful government was possible† (â€Å"The John Quincy Adams Administration†). Although successful in his presidency, certain publications saw the rising power of the federal government over the states as deeply concerning. As such, many publications spent much of the administration denouncing the â€Å"corrupt bargain between Adams and Clay,† who happened to be Ad ams’ Secretary of State (â€Å"The John Quincy Adams Administration†). Now that the poet and time period have been fully analyzed, one can start analyzing the theme of â€Å"To The Sun-Dial,† which was written by President John

Randomised Control Trial for Dementia Patient- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theRandomised Control Trial for Dementia Patient. Answer: Yes, the Randomized controlled trial (RCT) gave idea of a clearly focused issue on which the research was conducted. The aim of the research was to compare the effect of foot massage (intervention) and quiet presence (comparator and control) on agitation and mood in dementia patient (population) (Moyle et al. 2014). Participants were randomized to treatment and control group. This can be understood by the review of method section of the article which explained that block randomization was used to achieve equality in the size of intervention and control groups. Allocation concealment was done by randomizing participants by a computer program. Allocation was concealed from data collection research assistants, care staffs and patients families (Moyle et al. 2014). Yes, the patients were analyzed in the groups to which they were randomized. This is also understood because the trial was not stopped in between and all participants were followed up between baseline and post-test. No participants were lost to follow up after being randomized to treatment. Detailed questions: Yes, familys health workers and study personnel were blinded to treatment. This is understood as Moyle et al. (2014) mentioned about care staffs, data collections research assistant and families in the section of randomization and blinding. The purpose of blinding in clinical trial is to eliminate any impact of study findings due to different expectation of staffs (Schulz et al. 2011). Treatment allocation is not revealed to many research staffs until they enter the trial to prevent selection bias and any uninfluenced in study results because of knowledge about concealment (Karanicolas, Farrokhyar and Bhandari 2010). Hence, it serves to prevent differential treatment of the group at the onset of trial. The validity of any RCT study is understood by keeping the baseline variables same at the start of the trial (Piantadosi 2017). This is understood by reviewing the result section of the stud which states that no difference in group at baseline were found for participants on the basis of age, gender, time spend in facility, living condition, regular medication and PNR medication for dementia patients. Example of baseline variables includes age, sex, social class, risk factors and other adverse outcomes in participant. The advantage of keeping groups similar at the start of the trial is that it helps to prevent baseline imbalance (Doig and Simpson 2014). The unique feature of a RCT study is that it tries to study the effect of an intervention by randomization of participants to intervention and control group (Hayes and Moulton 2017). In such studies, the only different between the intervention group and control group is the intervention itself and other parameters are kept same (Latimer et al. 2017). In the RCT study by Moyle et al. (2014), intervention group received foot massage and control group received quiet presence. However, other things such as duration of session, time frame of giving intervention was kept same for the first treatment arm. As it used crossover study design, participants were exposed to opposite treatment arm after the completion of first treatment arm. The advantage of a cross-over design is that it reduces variability in participants as both types of treatment are compared on the same patient (Apiliogullari and Onal 2015). The main purpose of the research study by Moyle et al. (2014) was to analyze the effect of foot massage in dementia patients compared to those with quite presence. The size of the treatment effect can be understood by the final outcome of the study. Both intervention and control groups were evaluated on the outcome measure of assessing agitation and mood of patients post the treatment. Agitation was assessed in participants by means of Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory Short Form (CMAI) and mood was evaluated by observed emotion rating (OERS) scale. The validity of the RCT study is evident as the researcher also reported about the consistency and inter-reliability of both the tools. Detailed description of both the tools and the scale on which agitation and mood were evaluated was also comprehensively described by the researcher (Moyle et al. 2014). The primary outcome of the study was that the study showed that increase in agitation was found in both group, however the effect was greater in the quiet presence group compared to treatment group. The main reason for increase in total CMAI was the increase in the subscale of verbal aggression. However, outcome remained same for OERS item and only difference was found in general alertness in both groups. Therefore, slight effect of intervention was found in foot massage group as had reduced alertness and agitation compared to control group. In addition, the research also gave idea about the variability in research finding due to difference in the acceptance of treatment by participants, agitation due to unfamiliar assistants (Moyle et al. (2014). Hence, all this is regarded as the confounding factors in the study that has affected the efficacy of the foot massage intervention. The validity of the research finding is questionable because it is not consistent with other studies. For i nstance, the pilot study by Moyle et al. (2013) has revealed that foot massage significantly reduced levels of agitation in cognitively impaired patients. Hence, the transferability of Moyle et al. (2014) is low due to inconsistency with other research results and presence of confounding factors. Moyle et al. (2014) was also in favor of foot massage to address stress in dementia patient as the findings shows that close presence of another person promoted relaxation in patient. The estimate of the treatment effect is also understood by the method of statistical analysis of the research data and confidence interval between outcomes in two groups. The proportion of variance was illustrated and the result data mainly showed that there was more than 10% of variance in CMAI and OERS item indicating different factors playing complex role in mood and agitation of individuals (Moyle et al. 2014). Hence, with data regarding means, standard deviation and confidence interval at baseline and post-test for treatment and control groups, the treatment effect was determined. Confidence interval is used by many health care journals as it helps to identify whether a treatment has any effect or not (Freemantle et al. 2013). The overall conclusion regarding the study finding is that desired results was not achieved by providing foot massage to dementia patients and this is explained by some limitations in research methods. For example, familiarity was an issue for many partici pants as they were disturbed by the presence of a stranger in their room. Hence, if the researcher had considered about familiarity issues, then the research outcome would have been different. There is a need to focus on conditions that will enhance the effect of foot massage (Oliver 2017). The results of the study cannot be applied in local context because inconsistent result has been found for effect of foot massage on dementia patient. Certain confounding factors affected the outcome and so it is necessary to do further research in this area by modifying the condition under which the treatment was provided. However, moderate benefits were found and it may be applied as there is no selection bias and similar participant group like real setting was selected for the study. The inclusion criteria of taking 65 years above patient living in long-term care with all having recent history of agitation eliminated selection bias. Research has shown that agitation and aggressive behavior is frequently seen in dementia patients living in nursing homes (Husebo, Ballard and Aarsland 2011). As the research mainly aimed to investigate about the effect of foot massage on agitation and mood in dementia patients, the important clinical outcomes were considered by the researcher. The main outcome variable for the study included agitation and mood and appropriate evidence based tool was used evaluate agitation and mood of participants. For example CMAI tool was used to assess agitation and this is a evidence that has been used in many research related to agitated behavior. Cooke et al. (2010) used CMAI tool to analyze the effect of music programme on agitation and anxiety in dementia patient. Although the research did not achieved desired results, however the research has benefits because it is the first trial that considered foot massage to address agitation in dementia patient and it has highlighted the potential of foot massage only if the conditions in which the intervention is provided is modified in the future. Hence, the benefits of the research are worth the harm and the cost involved in doing the research. Aggressive behavior is a challenging issue for dementia patient because as it has impact on social life of people. Therefore, research by Kunik et al. (2010) is important as it focused on intervention to reduce aggression in dementia patient. Reference Apiliogullari, S. and Onal, O., 2015. Randomization in a crossover design is not to be a minor issue.Anesthesia Analgesia,121(4), p.1112. Cooke, M.L., Moyle, W., Shum, D.H., Harrison, S.D. and Murfield, J.E., 2010. A randomized controlled trial exploring the effect of music on agitated behaviours and anxiety in older people with dementia.Aging and mental health,14(8), pp.905-916. Doig, G.S. and Simpson, F., 2014. Understanding clinical trials: emerging methodological issues.Intensive care medicine,40(11), pp.1755-1757. Freemantle, N., Marston, L., Walters, K., Wood, J., Reynolds, M.R. and Petersen, I., 2013. Making inferences on treatment effects from real world data: propensity scores, confounding by indication, and other perils for the unwary in observational research.Bmj,347, p.f6409. Hayes, R.J. and Moulton, L.H., 2017.Cluster randomised trials. CRC press. Husebo, B.S., Ballard, C. and Aarsland, D., 2011. Pain treatment of agitation in patients with dementia: a systematic review.International journal of geriatric psychiatry,26(10), pp.1012-1018. Karanicolas, P.J., Farrokhyar, F. and Bhandari, M., 2010. Blinding: Who, what, when, why, how?.Canadian journal of surgery,53(5), p.345. Kunik, M.E., Snow, A.L., Davila, J.A., McNeese, T., Steele, A.B., Balasubramanyam, V., Doody, R., Schulz, P.E., Kalavar, J.S., Walder, A. and Morgan, R.O., 2010. Consequences of aggressive behavior in patients with dementia.The Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences,22(1), pp.40-47. Latimer, N.R., Abrams, K.R., Lambert, P.C., Crowther, M.J., Wailoo, A.J., Morden, J.P., Akehurst, R.L. and Campbell, M.J., 2017. Adjusting for treatment switching in randomised controlled trialsA simulation study and a simplified two-stage method.Statistical methods in medical research,26(2), pp.724-751. Moyle, W., Cooke, M.L., Beattie, E., Shum, D.H., ODwyer, S.T. and Barrett, S., 2014. Foot massage versus quiet presence on agitation and mood in people with dementia: A randomised controlled trial.International journal of nursing studies,51(6), pp.856-864. Moyle, W., Cooke, M.L., Beattie, E., Shum, D.H., O'Dwyer, S.T., Barrett, S. and Sung, B., 2014. Foot massage and physiological stress in people with dementia: a randomized controlled trial.The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine,20(4), pp.305-311. Moyle, W., Murfield, J.E., ODwyer, S. and Van Wyk, S., 2013. The effect of massage on agitated behaviours in older people with dementia: a literature review.Journal of clinical nursing,22(5-6), pp.601-610. Oliver, M., 2017. Effectiveness of Foot Massage on Improving the Balance among Elderly in a Selected Destitute Home, Mangalore.Indian Journal of,31(4), pp.444-455. Piantadosi, S., 2017.Clinical trials: a methodologic perspective. John Wiley Sons. Schulz, K.F., Altman, D.G., Moher, D. and Consort Group, 2011. CONSORT 2010 statement: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials.International journal of surgery,9(8), pp.672-677.

Insurance Fraud free essay sample

A gang of Russian crooks ran a record-setting, $279 million fraud that exploited New Yorks no-fault auto -accident law, authorities said 2/29/12. The gang worked with corrupt doctors to set up more than 100 phony medical clinics across the city There, they generated fake bills for the treatment of Injuries that ranged from wild exaggerations to outright fabrications, Manhattan US Attorney Preet Bharara said. The fraudsters took advantage of the patient-friendly provisions of New Yorks andatory no-fault Insurance coverage, which guarantees up to $50,000 In medical benefits for anyone hurt in a car crash. Police commissioner Ray Kelly sent two undercover cops infiltrated the operation about six months ago by posing as crash vlctlms. Kelly coached the undercover cops to complain about neck, back and leg pain, and were then kept running back and forth for treatments and tests that was as close as possible to the $50,000 for each offcer. The Russian gang was convicted; the various defendants face prison terms ranging from 30 to 70 years. We will write a custom essay sample on Insurance Fraud or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In Waterloo, New York- A man admitted that he crushed his son under a truck in a life insurance scheme that netted him $700,000. The man (Karl KarlsenS) plea of guilty to second-degree murder In upstate New York came a day before his trial was set to opem Karlsens, 53. was charged with murder and insurance fraud because he crushed his son (Levy) to death in 2008 by shifting a truck off its Jacks as the son worked underneath it. Karlsens tormer wite, Christina Ann Karlsen, died New Years Day in 1991 in a fire at her home. He denied that he was the cause of her death and ollected $200,000 in insurance on his wife after the fire declared an accident. After his wifes death, they moved to Manhattan. His second wife, Cindy Karlsen, testifies during a pretrial hearing that she began to suspect in the summer of 2011 that her husband had killed his son. She said she had learned that he had used to proceeds from the sons life Insurance settlement to buy a policy on her. l found out it was actually a life insurance policy on me and I would be worth $1200,000 if I were killed, Cindy Karlsen said. New Jerseys Acting Attorney General John J. Hoffman announced that a northern New Jersey chiropractor pleaded guilty Monday to causing false documentation to be submitted to Insurance companies and subsequently recelvlng more than $89,000 to which he was not entitled. Authorities said Joseph Salomone of Nutley, NJ.. pleaded guilty to second-degree health care claims fraud before Superior Court Judge Mitzy Galls-Menendez In Hudson county. under the plea agreement, the state will recommend that Salomone be sentenced to four years in state prison. Salomone greed to pay back over $89,000 in restitution to insurance companies for monies he fraudulently obtained. In pleading guilty, Salomone admitted that he directed his office workers to complete periodic re-evaluation forms which purported to list the results of range of motion tests on automobile accident victims. An investigation determined that Salomone directed his office statt to submit the documents that had fraud in them to the insurance companies listed- Allstate, High Point, Liberty Mutual, and US. Auto association. He had to pay a sum of $140,000 and spend 20 hours